Re: [xmca] varying definitions of perezhivanie

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Hi Greg You say : [[All makes me wonder: what is life like without "inwardness"?]] The problem is not whether an 'inner world' exists . The problem is whether it's a 'genetic' or a 'social-historical' one . I see you refer to it as being 'historical' . In the article by Bakhurst and that sent by Andy from Marxists.org , Lektorsky , Davydov and Bibler's 'sociality' and 'historicity' , one way or the other , goes step by step with what they understood as 'material practical object-oriented activity' . But as for one , Mikhailov took the idea to be an 'intra-uterine' phenomenon . He went so far as to say : the 'inner' just takes 'form' in the 'outer' (embodied by exposition) even penetrating the 'ensemble of social relations' to 'transform' them . Also regarding the 'boundaries' and 'limits' of the 'terms' , if you like to hear from Leontiev , he uses 'psychologism' as a 'term' denoting sticking to the 'psychology' of 'the inner' world dissociated from what passes in the outside . A soul psychology , let's say . As it goes , in linguistics , with Chomsky , this idea is an attempt to reduce 'psychological' to 'physiological/biological' . It is within these boundaries we should locate ourselves . Regards Haydi ________________________________ From: Greg Thompson <greg.a.thompson@gmail.com> To: ablunden@mira.net; "eXtended Mind, Culture, Activity" <xmca@weber.ucsd.edu> Sent: Friday, 13 January 2012, 7:06:20 Subject: Re: [xmca] varying definitions of perezhivanie No, Andy, I think it was my hasty assignment of my Weber and Simmel comment to this thread - I thought that this was the same thread as the Lektorsky thread in which was being discussed the historical notion of "inner." Too late to take it back, I suppose. Not sure if it is worth re-posting on the other thread (my google mail arranges the threads for me so that I can only see one or the other thread). Apologies for the confusion... -greg On Fri, Jan 13, 2012 at 6:57 AM, Andy Blunden <ablunden@mira.net> wrote: > I fear that I may be responsible for causing confusion by introducing > Vasilyuk's terms "inner world " and "outer world" without proper > explanation. I will pick a few pages to scan over the weekend to give > people a better idea. > > In the meantime, I think it would be fair to say that he characterises > "inner world" by commitment to one or many projects or "life relations." > Such projects are perfectly objective, but of course the conception of > them, the commitment to them, their value and meaning is personal. All > social life is both subjective and objective. The outer world he > characterises as "easy" or "difficult" according to whether the projects to > which a person is committed face obstacles or disasters that originate > independently of the subject. EG a person's "inner world" may be > characterised by their love for their wife and the outer world is > characterised by the fact that their wife has just died. The subject is > faced with a psychologically impossible situation. It might be resolved in > a number of ways, .... > > So it's not the same as the "inner world" I think Simmel and Weber are > talking about. > > Andy > > Greg Thompson wrote: > >> Further fleshing out "inner" and "outer," I came across these interesting >> sources regarding Simmel's and Weber's take on inner and outer as a >> historical development (Quoted directly from H. J. Jung's article in Ethos >> (see refs below)): >> >> "Georg Simmel noted 'psychologism' as 'the essence of modernity,' by which >> he meant 'the experiencing and interpretation of the world in terms of the >> reaction of our inner life and indeed as inner world' (as described in >> Cronan 2009: 91). Max Weber also observed psychologism as a feature of his >> time. By the famous metaphor of an iron cage, Weber (1997) made a poignant >> critique of Western rationalism, and argued elsewhere that the 'culture of >> feeling' and 'inwardness' arose as one response to the modern condition >> (Scaff 1987: 743). In Weber's interpretation, the 'specific and peculiar >> rationalism of Western culture' (1997: 26) generates the specific and >> peculiar kind of response, psychologism. The cultural significance of >> capitalism, therefore, lay in the 'cultural discontents of modernity' >> (Scaff 1987:740)." >> >> Cronan, T. (2009). Georg Simmel’s Timeless Impressionism. *New German >> Critique*, *36*(1 106), 83–101. >> >> >> Jung, H. J. (2011). Why Be Authentic? Psychocultural Underpinnings of >> Authenticity among Baby Boomers in the United States. *Ethos*, *39*(3), >> 279-299. doi:10.1111/j.1548-1352.2011.**01194.x >> >> Scaff, L. A. (1991). *Fleeing the iron cage: culture, politics, and >> modernity in the thought of Max Weber*. Univ of California Pr. >> >> Apparently a lot of folks were noticing this at the opening of the 19th >> century. >> All makes me wonder: what is life like without "inwardness"? >> -greg >> >> >> On Fri, Jan 13, 2012 at 2:44 AM, Andy Blunden <ablunden@mira.net> wrote: >> >> >> >>> Completely different, Haydi. >>> "The Psychology of Experiencing" is really about how people manage crises >>> in their lives and is structured mainly around the different types of >>> inner >>> and outer world. >>> >>> Andy >>> >>> >>> Haydi Zulfei wrote: >>> >>> >>> >>>> How close is this paper to Vasilyuk's "Psychology of Experiencing" ? In >>>> 3 >>>> parts . >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> http://www2.derby.ac.uk/v-art/****vol-7-200708-international-****<http://www2.derby.ac.uk/v-art/**vol-7-200708-international-**> >>>> arts-therapies-journal/72-****refereed-articles-/72-russian-**** >>>> technical-paper-of-psychology-****and-art-images<http://www2.** >>>> derby.ac.uk/v-art/vol-7-**200708-international-arts-** >>>> therapies-journal/72-refereed-**articles-/72-russian-** >>>> technical-paper-of-psychology-**and-art-images<http://www2.derby.ac.uk/v-art/vol-7-200708-international-arts-therapies-journal/72-refereed-articles-/72-russian-technical-paper-of-psychology-and-art-images> >>>> > >>>> >>>> >>>> ______________________________****__ >>>> >>>> From: Christine Schweighart <schweighartc@gmail.com> >>>> To: Haydi Zulfei <haydizulfei@rocketmail.com> Sent: Thursday, 12 >>>> January >>>> 2012, 12:01:46 >>>> Subject: Re: [xmca] varying definitions of perezhivanie >>>> >>>> Dear Haydi, >>>> We could also contact Jack (actionresearch.net) - I've mentioned my >>>> interest to him - but I think I would need to approach with a question >>>> 'for >>>> him' he is working towards a concept of 'hope' and embodied values >>>> currently . ( I would go back to contrast with 'hope' , Freire and - >>>> (personally), nature of 'embodied' in actuality. Jack does draw >>>> leverage >>>> from 'biography' in his supervision. >>>> >>>> BTW I didn't intend to point to Petrovsky in particular, rather here >>>> http://psyjournals.ru/en/****authors/a14747.shtml<http://psyjournals.ru/en/**authors/a14747.shtml> >>>> <http://**psyjournals.ru/en/authors/**a14747.shtml<http://psyjournals.ru/en/authors/a14747.shtml> >>>> > >>>> >>>> Christine. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> On Thu, Jan 12, 2012 at 5:57 PM, Haydi Zulfei < >>>> haydizulfei@rocketmail.com> >>>> wrote: >>>> >>>> Dear Christine >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>>> Thank you for the message ! >>>>> To tell you the truth I did not know Vasilyuk is alive . It's Mike who >>>>> knows all this . And it is not the first time vasilyuk's work and the >>>>> 'perezhivanie' are being discussed as you can see from what Dot Robbins >>>>> came up against very long ago (Notes on Perezhivanie-third link to the >>>>> end) >>>>> . Mike has also had his different denotational (literal) as well as >>>>> connotational psychological features of the term , too . Andy maybe >>>>> takes >>>>> Michael Levikh back to that time . But you did a very good thing to >>>>> introduce the 'scribd' version to us to read before Mike could give a >>>>> push >>>>> to all mechanical as well as technological devices and possibilities >>>>> for a >>>>> pdf version . Thanks really ! Amazon presents it with what we can call >>>>> the >>>>> 'juice of our personality' :-) . Dollar here just not soars but >>>>> really >>>>> uproars ! You were lucky with that little book , dear . >>>>> Yes , Vasilyuk happily proved to be alive . I sent him a message and >>>>> unluckily conveyed the idea with full respect and rejoice . He is now >>>>> charged with all kinds of responsibilities . We wish him great success >>>>> . I >>>>> asked him if he is still 'loyal' to his own writing . He has not >>>>> provided a >>>>> reply yet . What you found is included among and along some other >>>>> articles >>>>> in the first issue of the said journal . I don't know Russian and the >>>>> translations are limited to the contents of the web pages . >>>>> As about to the extent to which Jack Whitehead could approach himself >>>>> to >>>>> the 'activity theory proper' , there could be lots of debate . But I >>>>> read >>>>> it to the end and listened to the talks and ,between ourselves, there >>>>> was a >>>>> mother-tongue translation of Mandelstam's poem plus some other good >>>>> things >>>>> which looked a bit strange (unexpected) within that context . I have a >>>>> political piece by a V.A.Petrovsky of whose identity I'm not sure . >>>>> Psychologically speaking , Petrovsky is not a no fame name , by the >>>>> way . >>>>> Sorry for the unintentional excess talk ! >>>>> Regards >>>>> Haydi >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> ______________________________****__ >>>>> >>>>> From: Christine Schweighart <schweighartc@gmail.com> >>>>> To: Haydi Zulfei <haydizulfei@rocketmail.com>; "eXtended Mind, >>>>> Culture, >>>>> Activity" <xmca@weber.ucsd.edu> Sent: Thursday, 12 January 2012, >>>>> 6:56:18 >>>>> >>>>> Subject: Re: [xmca] varying definitions of perezhivanie >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> Dear Haydi, >>>>> Your first two links go to Jack Whitehead's work. I met Jack through >>>>> his interpretation of 'living contradiction' - which in the conditions >>>>> of >>>>> educational practice becomes an agonistic problem-structuring around >>>>> 'how >>>>> can I? . For me this 'I' reflects conditions of practice where >>>>> enquirers >>>>> begin in an 'unempowered' reflection - not conditions of activity >>>>> theoretical development. It is possible maybe that a journey can arise >>>>> and >>>>> expand from there.... >>>>> >>>>> However, despite encountering Jack's work, i did not encounter Vasilyuk >>>>> from his writing ar in discussion with him- rather I became interested >>>>> in >>>>> work I found appearing here as I express and set out in a message to >>>>> another who knew of him: >>>>> "I was looking on >>>>> this database at the topics being worked on in this journal: >>>>> http://psyjournals.ru/en/sps/****2011/n1/44335.shtml<http://psyjournals.ru/en/sps/**2011/n1/44335.shtml> >>>>> <http://**psyjournals.ru/en/sps/2011/n1/**44335.shtml<http://psyjournals.ru/en/sps/2011/n1/44335.shtml> >>>>> > >>>>> >>>>> Mainly because the website translates into english. I can't recall >>>>> exactly how I focused on him in particular , but I went to his web >>>>> page and the book title looked interesting, so I found it in a second >>>>> hand bookshop. ( It has a dedication -by the author I think) £7.77. >>>>> When it came I couldn't believe what I encounterd brought together - >>>>> still haven't been able to read it 'fully', as I want to notice what >>>>> I >>>>> notice ( >>>>> if you know what I mean - I don't want to 'lose' it). >>>>> So I held back and then 'googled' him/the work - unbelievably I found >>>>> Jack Whitehead had been writing about him... That was the order of >>>>> encounter. I did not read Jack's page - just enought to wonder if he >>>>> grabbed a bit in a form useful to him at the time ( perhaps no harm - >>>>> but potentially devastating if it's dissociated from its relations and >>>>> future students etc will 'hit into it') - and that is not my interest >>>>> [directly]... >>>>> >>>>> My interest is to work through how he brings 'value' - not to follow >>>>> him but to 'imagine' myself how that impacts the dynamics of -motive >>>>> ( and therefore all other relations) BUT this is to see if it explains >>>>> my difficulty, and I think that will be productive." >>>>> >>>>> At that point I set out my question re biography to Andy- and I need to >>>>> revisit that. >>>>> Christine >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> On Thu, Jan 12, 2012 at 1:05 PM, Haydi Zulfei < >>>>> haydizulfei@rocketmail.com> wrote: >>>>> >>>>> Thanks Andy ! In my view , whom I always consider just as a naive >>>>> reader , a very illuminating synopsis coming out of a deep >>>>> understanding >>>>> of the 'activity theory' . The 'scribed' version though so much >>>>> scrambled >>>>> partially . >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> Your synopsis caused me to google 'fyodor vasilyuk' . Some links came >>>>>> up , three of which of likely interest . Forgive if redundancy is at >>>>>> work ! >>>>>> >>>>>> Haydi >>>>>> >>>>>> http://search.speedbit.com/r.****aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.****<http://search.speedbit.com/r.**aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.**> >>>>>> ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=****spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=****<http://ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=**spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=**> >>>>>> 0a5c4301&ip=b009f96e&id=****E5343A13DFF8F8AE1A1F3A256F485C**** >>>>>> F8&q=fyodor+vasilyuk&p=1&qs=****121&ac=24&g=5a63upz7qBNcw4&en=**** >>>>>> gs&io=1&b=alg&tp=d&ec=10&pt=%****3Cb%3EFyodor+Vasilyuk%3C%2Fb%**** >>>>>> 3E+%281991%29+The+Psychology+****of+Experiencing%3A+th<http://** >>>>>> search.speedbit.com/r.aspx?**aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.ask.** >>>>>> com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=**spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=** >>>>>> 0a5c4301&ip=b009f96e&id=**E5343A13DFF8F8AE1A1F3A256F485C** >>>>>> F8&q=fyodor+vasilyuk&p=1&qs=**121&ac=24&g=5a63upz7qBNcw4&en=** >>>>>> gs&io=1&b=alg&tp=d&ec=10&pt=%**3Cb%3EFyodor+Vasilyuk%3C%2Fb%** >>>>>> 3E+%281991%29+The+Psychology+**of+Experiencing%3A+th<http://search.speedbit.com/r.aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=0a5c4301&ip=b009f96e&id=E5343A13DFF8F8AE1A1F3A256F485CF8&q=fyodor+vasilyuk&p=1&qs=121&ac=24&g=5a63upz7qBNcw4&en=gs&io=1&b=alg&tp=d&ec=10&pt=%3Cb%3EFyodor+Vasilyuk%3C%2Fb%3E+%281991%29+The+Psychology+of+Experiencing%3A+th> >>>>>> > >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> e+%3Cb%3E...%3C%2Fb%3E&ex=&****url=&u=http://www.** >>>>> >>>>> >>>> actionresearch.net/writings/****jack/jwVasilyuk220906.htm<http://actionresearch.net/writings/**jack/jwVasilyuk220906.htm> >>>> <http**://www.actionresearch.net/**writings/jack/**jwVasilyuk220906.htm<http://www.actionresearch.net/writings/jack/jwVasilyuk220906.htm> >>>> > >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>>> http://search.speedbit.com/r.****aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.****<http://search.speedbit.com/r.**aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.**> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=****spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=****<http://ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=**spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=**> >>>>>> 0a5c4301&ip=b009f96e&id=****E5343A13DFF8F8AE1A1F3A256F485C**** >>>>>> F8&q=fyodor+vasilyuk&p=1&qs=****121&ac=24&g=5a63upz7qBNcw4&en=**** >>>>>> gs&io=2&b=alg&tp=d&ec=10&pt=****As+part+of+my+social+capital+**** >>>>>> I+use+three+epistemologies+****and+I+want+to+%3Cb%3E...%3C%****2Fb< >>>>>> http://search.speedbit.**com/r.aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://** >>>>>> wzuy1.ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=**spd&c=spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=** >>>>>> 0&sv=0a5c4301&ip=b009f96e&id=**E5343A13DFF8F8AE1A1F3A256F485C** >>>>>> F8&q=fyodor+vasilyuk&p=1&qs=**121&ac=24&g=5a63upz7qBNcw4&en=** >>>>>> gs&io=2&b=alg&tp=d&ec=10&pt=**As+part+of+my+social+capital+** >>>>>> I+use+three+epistemologies+**and+I+want+to+%3Cb%3E...%3C%**2Fb<http://search.speedbit.com/r.aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=0a5c4301&ip=b009f96e&id=E5343A13DFF8F8AE1A1F3A256F485CF8&q=fyodor+vasilyuk&p=1&qs=121&ac=24&g=5a63upz7qBNcw4&en=gs&io=2&b=alg&tp=d&ec=10&pt=As+part+of+my+social+capital+I+use+three+epistemologies+and+I+want+to+%3Cb%3E...%3C%2Fb> >>>>>> > >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> %3E&ex=&url=&u=http://www.**ac**tionresearch.net/writings/**<http://actionresearch.net/writings/**> >>>>> >>>>> >>>> jack/jwdoctoralsupport0310.**htm<http://www.actionresearch.** >>>> net/writings/jack/**jwdoctoralsupport0310.htm<http://www.actionresearch.net/writings/jack/jwdoctoralsupport0310.htm> >>>> > >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>>> http://search.speedbit.com/r.****aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.****<http://search.speedbit.com/r.**aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.**> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=****spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=****<http://ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=**spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=**> >>>>>> 0a5c4301&ip=b009f96e&id=****E5343A13DFF8F8AE1A1F3A256F485C**** >>>>>> F8&q=fyodor+vasilyuk&p=1&qs=****121&ac=24&g=5a63upz7qBNcw4&en=**** >>>>>> gs&io=5&b=alg&tp=d&ec=10&pt=****Notes+on+perezhivanie&ex=&url=**** >>>>>> &u=http://www.ethicalpolitics.****org/seminars/perezhivanie.**htm< >>>>>> http://search.speedbit.**com/r.aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://** >>>>>> wzuy1.ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=**spd&c=spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=** >>>>>> 0&sv=0a5c4301&ip=b009f96e&id=**E5343A13DFF8F8AE1A1F3A256F485C** >>>>>> F8&q=fyodor+vasilyuk&p=1&qs=**121&ac=24&g=5a63upz7qBNcw4&en=** >>>>>> gs&io=5&b=alg&tp=d&ec=10&pt=**Notes+on+perezhivanie&ex=&url=** >>>>>> &u=http://www.ethicalpolitics.**org/seminars/perezhivanie.htm<http://search.speedbit.com/r.aspx?aff=&p=0&u=http://wzuy1.ask.com/r?t=p&d=synus&s=spd&c=spbt1&app=aoth&l=dir&o=0&sv=0a5c4301&ip=b009f96e&id=E5343A13DFF8F8AE1A1F3A256F485CF8&q=fyodor+vasilyuk&p=1&qs=121&ac=24&g=5a63upz7qBNcw4&en=gs&io=5&b=alg&tp=d&ec=10&pt=Notes+on+perezhivanie&ex=&url=&u=http://www.ethicalpolitics.org/seminars/perezhivanie.htm> >>>>>> > >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> ______________________________****__ >>>>>> >>>>>> From: Andy Blunden <ablunden@mira.net> >>>>>> To: "eXtended Mind, Culture, Activity" <xmca@weber.ucsd.edu> >>>>>> Sent: Tuesday, 10 January 2012, 4:01:27 >>>>>> Subject: Re: [xmca] varying definitions of perezhivanie >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> Michael, Haydi, Christine and others, thank you for drawing my >>>>>> attention to Fyodor Vasilyuk. Just read his book and loved it. It's >>>>>> one of >>>>>> those books that even though you can follow it as you read, it is not >>>>>> easy >>>>>> to recall afterwards. Anyway, here is my synopsis. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> *The Psychology of Experiencing*. The Resolution of Life’s Critical >>>>>> Situations. by Fyodor Vasiluk Progress Publishers 1984. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> This is a book about living through critical situations in life. >>>>>> “Experiencing” is a translation of “/perezhivanie/” and Vasilyuk uses >>>>>> it to >>>>>> mean “any process which brings about resolution of a critical >>>>>> life-situation, irrespective of how that process is directly felt by >>>>>> the >>>>>> individual.” Vasilyuk is an Activity Theorist, and sees experiencing >>>>>> as an >>>>>> activity, not just something to which happens to a person, but that >>>>>> hitherto Activity Theory had no term for it. So he has appropriated >>>>>> Vygotsky’s use of the term as a unit for the development of >>>>>> character. But >>>>>> I notice that for Vasilyuk, /perezhivanie /is the whole “working >>>>>> through” >>>>>> of the crisis situation, which is elsewhere called “catharsis,” >>>>>> whereas >>>>>> what others call the /perezhivanie /he calls the crisis-situation. The >>>>>> situation is of course equally subjective and objective, arising in >>>>>> the >>>>>> world, as it is experienced by the subject according to the subject’s >>>>>> commitments in the >>>>>> world as well as uncontrolled events arising from the objective >>>>>> world. >>>>>> Vasilyuk is a superb dialectician. Experiencing is the process in >>>>>> which >>>>>> character is formed, but also, it is the process of character itself: >>>>>> both >>>>>> process and product. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> The main part of the book hinges on the idea that the inner world of >>>>>> the subject, the active side which cognizes, feels, perceives and >>>>>> acts may >>>>>> be either /simple/ or /complex/; the outer world of the subject, the >>>>>> subject’s life-world is either /easy/ or /difficult/. It is not so >>>>>> much >>>>>> that there are two kinds of inner and outer world, but that any >>>>>> specific >>>>>> crisis is derived from one of the four possible conjunctions: >>>>>> simple-easy, >>>>>> complex-easy, simple-difficult or complex-difficult. Each possible >>>>>> conjunction also contains the others, but one conjunction is dominant >>>>>> in >>>>>> the specific case. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> Vasilyuk calls an activity a “life relation” but so far as I can see >>>>>> the word “project” perfectly describes what he has in mind. A simple >>>>>> inner >>>>>> world means that the crisis arises from the pursuit of just one >>>>>> activity >>>>>> and has no implication for any other project. A complex inner world >>>>>> means >>>>>> that the subject is motivated by multiple projects so that changes in >>>>>> the >>>>>> progress of one project has implications for other projects (eg they >>>>>> may be >>>>>> conflicting, or dependent on one another) and resolving a crisis >>>>>> becomes >>>>>> something complex in that sense. An easy outer world means that the >>>>>> crisis >>>>>> arises from inner causes, not existential threats to the project or >>>>>> blockages having their origin independently of the subject. A >>>>>> difficult >>>>>> outer world means that a project in which the subject is committed >>>>>> faces a >>>>>> blockage or disaster. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> Vasilyuk goes through all the possible combinations of strategies that >>>>>> subjects resort to to resolve a crisis arising in each of these four >>>>>> worlds, and there are all sorts of sub-types, etc. These categories >>>>>> are >>>>>> ahistorical so Vasilyuk is able to explore the possibilities by >>>>>> logical >>>>>> means rather than abstracting them from empirical data. Of course the >>>>>> circumstances which give rise to crises and the strategies available >>>>>> to >>>>>> subjects are culturally and historically determined. But analysis of a >>>>>> crisis and therapeutical assistance depends first of all in >>>>>> diagnosing the >>>>>> kind of crisis the subject is undergoing. So the elaboration of the >>>>>> theory >>>>>> is very logical, but one gets the feeling that Vasilyuk has had the >>>>>> benefit >>>>>> of the experience of offering assistance to thousands of people going >>>>>> through severe crises and that his theory is robust as a diagnostic >>>>>> tool. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> The four kinds of crisis are (simple-easy) stress, (simple-difficult) >>>>>> frustration, (complex-easy) conflict and (complex-difficult) crisis. >>>>>> He >>>>>> says that /stress /is a “hedonistic” crisis – the subject is >>>>>> concerned only >>>>>> with the here and now and getting more; /frustration /is a “realistic” >>>>>> crisis – the subject has to accept the unattainability of the object >>>>>> and >>>>>> determine what it is they /really/ need, not just the specific thing >>>>>> which >>>>>> has the meaning for them of their object; /conflict /is a "crisis of >>>>>> values" – the subject is obliged to revisit the bases for their past >>>>>> actions and question their values which have led them into a tragic >>>>>> situation; crisis as such is a creative crisis, which obliges the >>>>>> subject >>>>>> to transform the meaning of the absent object so as to make the >>>>>> psychologically impossible situation possible; this means a >>>>>> life-crisis >>>>>> resolved by creating a new life-world, a new self. This is all very >>>>>> complex >>>>>> and I can’t do it >>>>>> justice. It will take a lot of study. I like the way he deals with >>>>>> the >>>>>> concept of "values" as deep structures, underlying commitments which >>>>>> can be >>>>>> brought to light only by a subject's /perezihivanie/. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> The section on psychotherapy relied on a different categorisation of >>>>>> four “levels of awareness.” These are the Unconscious, Experiencing >>>>>> (here >>>>>> in the ordinary meaning of the word, more like Undergoing), >>>>>> Reflection, and >>>>>> Apprehension. This structure of consciousness or awareness is defined >>>>>> by >>>>>> the activity of the Observer and the Observed (a bit like Mead's I >>>>>> and Me). >>>>>> Crises may be felt in one (mainly at the given moment) “level” and >>>>>> Vasilyuk >>>>>> says that a different therapeutic strategy is required in each case. >>>>>> In the >>>>>> case of the Unconscious, it is a /monologue by the therapist /who >>>>>> tells the >>>>>> patient what the break in consciousness reveals; in the case of >>>>>> Undergoing >>>>>> it is a /monologue by the patient /who gives voice to their >>>>>> experience so >>>>>> as to become aware of it, with the empathy of the therapist, can move >>>>>> it >>>>>> into Reflection; in Apprehension therapy requires a /dialogue >>>>>> /between the >>>>>> therapist and the patience to bring out the nature of the >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> crisis; >>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>> >>>>> in Reflection the therapy is an /internal dialogue/ of the patient >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> themself through which the crisis can be transformed and resolved >>>>>> successfully. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> Andy >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> Michael Levykh wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> I hope the following paragraph from my 2008 PhD Theses might shed a >>>>>>> bit more >>>>>>> light on your discussion: >>>>>>> Vasilyuk (1984) writes in his annotation to Psikhologia >>>>>>> Perezhivaniya >>>>>>> (Psychology of Perezhivaniye), that in order to manage >>>>>>> (perezhits) >>>>>>> "situations of stress, frustration, inner conflict, and life >>>>>>> crisis, quite >>>>>>> often a painful inner work has to be done in re-establishing >>>>>>> inner >>>>>>> equilibrium and reconstructing a new meaningful life" (para. 1, >>>>>>> my >>>>>>> translation). For him, even a painful experience in the past >>>>>>> can be >>>>>>> recreated as a positive, pleasurable, meaningful >>>>>>> future-oriented experience >>>>>>> of personality. Hence, perezhivaniye is a future-oriented, >>>>>>> conscious, and >>>>>>> individual emotional experience of past events achieved in the >>>>>>> "here-and-now" through reflection on the individual's struggle >>>>>>> within >>>>>>> himself/herself (e.g., as if struggling between the dual >>>>>>> consciousness of >>>>>>> self and the character he/she portrays) and with the social >>>>>>> environment >>>>>>> (e.g., his/her audience). Although perezhivaniye connotes >>>>>>> mostly negative >>>>>>> (painful) experience of the past, its future-orientedness >>>>>>> provides >>>>>>> possibilities for positive outcomes. Such positive >>>>>>> possibilities are also >>>>>>> reflected in Vygotsky's optimistic views on cultural >>>>>>> development in general. >>>>>>> Michael Levykh >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> ______________________________****____________ >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> _____ >>>>>> >>>>>> xmca mailing list >>>>>> >>>>>> xmca@weber.ucsd.edu >>>>>> >>>>>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/****listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca> >>>>>> <http://dss.ucsd.**edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca> >>>>>> > >>>>>> ______________________________****____________ >>>>>> >>>>>> _____ >>>>>> xmca mailing list >>>>>> xmca@weber.ucsd.edu >>>>>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/****listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca> >>>>>> <http://dss.ucsd.**edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca> >>>>>> > >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>> ______________________________****____________ >>>> >>>> _____ >>>> xmca mailing list >>>> xmca@weber.ucsd.edu >>>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/****listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca> >>>> <http://dss.ucsd.**edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca> >>>> > >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>> -- >>> ------------------------------****----------------------------**--** >>> ------------ >>> *Andy Blunden* >>> Joint Editor MCA: http://www.tandfonline.com/****toc/hmca20/18/1<http://www.tandfonline.com/**toc/hmca20/18/1> >>> <http://www.**tandfonline.com/toc/hmca20/18/**1<http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/hmca20/18/1> >>> > >>> Home Page: http://home.mira.net/~andy/ >>> Book: http://www.brill.nl/default.****aspx?partid=227&pid=34857<http://www.brill.nl/default.**aspx?partid=227&pid=34857> >>> <http**://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?**partid=227&pid=34857<http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=227&pid=34857> >>> > >>> >>> >>> ______________________________****____________ >>> >>> _____ >>> xmca mailing list >>> xmca@weber.ucsd.edu >>> http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/****listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca> >>> <http://dss.ucsd.**edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca> >>> > >>> >>> >>> >> >> >> >> >> > > -- > ------------------------------**------------------------------** > ------------ > *Andy Blunden* > Joint Editor MCA: http://www.tandfonline.com/**toc/hmca20/18/1<http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/hmca20/18/1> > Home Page: http://home.mira.net/~andy/ > Book: http://www.brill.nl/default.**aspx?partid=227&pid=34857<http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=227&pid=34857> > > ______________________________**____________ > _____ > xmca mailing list > xmca@weber.ucsd.edu > http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/**listinfo/xmca<http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca> > -- Gregory A. Thompson, Ph.D. Sanford I. Berman Post-Doctoral Scholar Department of Communication University of California, San Diego __________________________________________ _____ xmca mailing list xmca@weber.ucsd.edu http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca __________________________________________ _____ xmca mailing list xmca@weber.ucsd.edu http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca