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These files are maintained strictly for historical reference, research, and recordkeeping purposes,
and the content has not been altered or updated since archiving.
Content on this site may not meet current digital accessibility standards.
If you require an alternative, accessible format of any information found on this site,
please contact Bruce Jones, bjones@ucsd.edu to request an accommodation.
Social, but no culture? Context but no culture? hmmmmm. How is that possible? (have not changed sub line) mike On Wed, Jul 7, 2010 at 7:16 PM, Martin Packer <packer@duq.edu> wrote: > ...and here is Ekman writing on the universality of emotional expression, > in a paper title Universality of Emotional Expression? A Personal History of > the Dispute. He is commenting on a criticism of his work by Margaret Mead: > > "Perhaps Mead thought I was claiming that emotions operate > like instincts, uninfluenced by social experience. That was not > my position; finding universals in expressions does not mean that > expressions are not socially influenced. Our findings on how > socially learned display rules produced a cultural difference in > the public behavior of Japanese and Americans should have made > that clear.... I had emphasized that > facial expressions '... are embedded in a context; they may be > elicited by different stimuli, be operated upon by different display > rules, be blended with other affects, and be followed by different > behavioral consequences. We do not mean to belittle these factors; > in actuality we want to focus attention on these factors as > the major sources of cultural differences in affect displays.'... > Social experience influences > attitudes about emotions, creates display and feeling rules, > develops and tunes the particular occasions which will most > rapidly call forth an emotion. [However] I believe that much of the initial > emotion-specific > physiological activity in the first few milliseconds of an emotional > experience is also not penetrable by social experience" > > Martin > > p.s. I changed the subject line > > > _______________________________________________ > xmca mailing list > xmca@weber.ucsd.edu > http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca > _______________________________________________ xmca mailing list xmca@weber.ucsd.edu http://dss.ucsd.edu/mailman/listinfo/xmca